The retail space-exchange problem with pricing and space allocation decisions

We consider retail space-exchange problems where two retailers exchange shelf space to increase accessibility to more of their consumers in more locations without opening new stores. Using the Hotelling model, we find two retailers’ optimal prices, given their host and guest space in two stores under the space-exchange strategy. Next, using the optimal space-dependent prices, we analyze a non-cooperative game, where each retailer makes a space allocation decision for the retailer\u27s own store. We show that the two retailers will implement such a strategy in the game, if and only if their stores are large enough to serve more than one-half of their consumers. Nash equilibrium for the game exists, and its value depends on consumers’ utilities and trip costs as well as the total available space in each retailer\u27s store. Moreover, as a result of the space-exchange strategy, each retailer\u27s prices in two stores are both higher than the retailer\u27s price before the space exchange, but they may or may not be identical

Two sufficient conditions in frequency domain for Gabor frames

AbstractTwo sufficient conditions for the Gabor system to be a frame for L2(R) are presented in this note. The conditions proposed are stated in terms of the Fourier transforms of the Gabor system’s generating functions. It is also shown that these conditions are better than the known result

Low Carbon Energy Policy Research

AbstractCase study of Korea, Low carbon energy efficiency labeling schemes (Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program, High efficiency Appliance Certification Program, e-Standby Program) play a key role in carrying out the energy efficiency improvement policy in the appliances and equipment sector in Korea. Korea operates these Programs in an effort to improve energy efficiency in appliances and equipments. Mandatory energy efficiency standard which bans production and sales of low energy efficiency products which fall below the minimum energy performance standard. Ministry of Knowledge of Economy (MKE) and Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO) is the key organizations in implementing energy efficiency standards and labeling. National energy efficiency efforts can be realized through energy efficiency improvements with the successful implementation of an energy efficient appliances dissemination policy and the phase out of low efficiency appliances. Through the implementation of the Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program (1992), High-efficiency Appliance Certification Program (1996) and e-Standby Program (1999), significant energy efficiency improvements have been achieved, and 1.37 billion USD worth of energy savings

Neuroendocrine markers insulinoma-associated protein 1, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 show rare positivity in adenocarcinoma ex-goblet cell carcinoids

Background: Adenocarcinoma ex-goblet cell carcinoid (AdexGCC) was considered a neuroendocrine adenocarcinoma, despite majority of tumor cells being negative for conventional neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin and synaptophysin. Recently, insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) has been identified as a novel neuroendocrine marker that is more sensitive than chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Methods: We studied this marker in conjunction with chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 in 36 appendiceal AdexGCCs (21 primaries, 15 metastatic). Results: Primary AdexGCCs showed staining for INSM1, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 in 13/21 (62%), 18/21 (86%), 18/21 (86%), and 9/19 (47%) cases, respectively. However, the mean proportion of tumor cells stained for INSM1, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 was only 8.0% (median 1%, range 0-70%), 15.7% (median 2%, range 0-70%), 19.9% (median 5%, range 0-90%), and 5.6% (median 0%, range 0-50%), respectively. Metastatic AdexGCCs showed staining for INSM1, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 in 8/15 (53%), 11/15 (73%), 12/15 (80%), and 3/14 (21%) cases. The mean proportion of tumor cells stained for INSM1, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 in metastatic tumors was 1% (median 1%, range 0-3%), 12% (median 1%, range 0-85%), 17% (median 5%, range 0-85%), and 2% (median 0%, range 0-20%), respectively. Conclusions: Primary and metastatic AdexGCCs showed no difference in INSM1, chromogranin, synaptophysin, or CD56 staining. INSM1 exhibits low expression in AdexGCCs and is expressed by a lower proportion of tumor cells compared to chromogranin and synaptophysin

Optimization Scheme of Forming Linear WSN for Safety Monitoring in Railway Transportation

With the development of wireless sensing network, more and more applications have been deployed in the safety monitoring and in natural disasters prevention. The safety and disaster prevention systems have usually been laid out in linear network architecture, such as those of railway, motorway transportation and pipes. The background of the article is railway hazard goods transportation safety surveillance. The paper discusses about the network architecture of linear wireless sensor networks with multiple sink nodes, and proposes the grouping method of sink nodes and the formation scheme of networks. The scheme can re-establish a monitoring network when the train on the way is disconnected and re-grouped. The switching algorithm of group head nodes is put forward, so that the energy consumption of each node in the group is even. The optimal switching parameters for group head nodes are suggested by the simulation. Compared with the usual monitoring network, the method proposed enables the system life expectancy to prolong more than five times, and meets the monitoring requirements simultaneously

Multifractal manifold for rotating machinery fault diagnosis based on detrended fluctuation analysis

The vibration signals of rotating machinery in fault conditions are non-stationary and nonlinear. For the non-stationary and nonlinear characteristics of fault vibration signals, a novel multifractal manifold (MFM) method based on detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is proposed. The proposed method consists of three steps. Firstly, calculate the multifractal fluctuation functions of signal series with an appropriate polynomial order, according to multifractal DFA method. Secondly, construct multifractal feature vector for each signal sample to reveal the nonlinear characteristics in different scales. Finally, implement manifold learning to reduce the dimension of multifractal feature vectors. The obtained low-dimensional MFM features can reveal the differences of signal samples from different fault patterns effectively, which are benefit for automatic pattern recognition and multiple fault diagnosis. The recognition performance of the proposed MFM method is verified by fault experiments of gearbox and rolling element bearing, which demonstrates the superiority of MFM method in rotating machinery fault diagnosis compared to other DFA-based methods